Large death tolls are not unavoidable in this day and age, but hopefully they will not rear their ugly heads like they did on Palm Sunday anytime soon.At one point during the height of the outbreak, bewildered by the amount of tornado reports coming into the office, the National Weather Service office — then the U.S. Source: ESRL 20th Century Reanalysis.F4 damage in Greentown, Indiana. April 11, 1965: Palm Sunday Tornadoes.
…was the April 11–12, 1965, Palm Sunday Outbreak.… Based on this study and an airborne observation of a large dust devil, he put forth the concept of the “multiple vortex tornado,” that is, a system of smaller…
(NWS Indianapolis, Indiana)Detroit WSR-57 radar image at 6:52 PM CST of the two supercells moving through Lower Michigan. Both outbreaks have the same number of significant (F2+) tornadoes with 32, but this event currently has just nine strong and two violent tornadoes.
This, along with temperatures rising into the low-and-mid 70s, plus a plume of steeper mid-level lapse rates moving in from the Plains and the Desert Southwest, provided the instability necessary for severe thunderstorm development. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox.
It destroyed hundreds of homes in the process and injured over 800 people. http://www.weather.gov/iwx/1965_palmsunday_50record-breaking tornado outbreak of April 27, 2011Tornado Threat Forecast: April 19-20, 2020These extreme winds aloft, along with southerly winds near the surface and strong southwesterly/west-southwesterly flow at 850 and 700 mb, resulted in exceptional values of deep layer shear. The latter claimed 6 lives.Modern era North American tornado outbreaks by violent tornado count. People simply had no idea the storms were occurring, as they were either preoccupied, unable to receive warnings or both.“Palm Sunday 1965: Southern Great Lakes ravaged by one of the worst tornado outbreaks on record”Violent tornadoes also struck the Grand Rapids, Michigan and Toledo, Ohio metropolitan areas in addition to the Lima and Strongsville, Ohio areas. Source: NWS Detroit/Pontiac, Michigan.Tornado Threat Forecast: April 22-23, 2020The strongest impulse within the broad-scale trough eventually progressed to south of the Four Corners at 12z (7 AM CDT) April 11 and brought with it an exceedingly strong, west-southwesterly jet streak of 135 to nearly 145 knots at 500 mb by 00z (7 PM CDT) April 12 as it ejected east-northeast over the Midwest.NWS Indianapolis, Indiana Outbreak Page: From domestic to international: Tornadoes around the worldDriven by the aforementioned wind fields aloft, the storms rapidly intensified into supercells, raced to the east-northeast at 55 to 70 mph and began producing significant tornadoes.
Weather Bureau — responsible for Northern Indiana placed all nine counties under its jurisdiction under tornado warnings.
… Ernie Ostuno, a meteorologist at the National Weather Service , explained all the ingredients necessary for a classic, destructive outbreak came together that day. It was the second biggest outbreak on record. Tornado History: The Smithsonian Institution's "Queries Relative to Tornadoes," circa 1860sHistoric outbreak sequences: Five major tornado events during the second half of May 1896The most tornadoes in a calendar day by statehttp://www.tornadohistoryproject.com/outbreaks/the-palm-sunday-outbreak-1965/mapLong-tracked tornadic supercells then continued well into the evening, with the hardest hit locations including a swath through northern Indiana to the south and east of South Bend, where dozens were killed. Get kids back-to-school ready with Expedition: Learn! The total tornado count (74 at last check) exceeds the official Palm Sunday count (61), but it’s likely that many other weak, short-lived tornadoes went unrecorded in 1965. Known as a “blanket tornado warning”, this was the first and only instance of such occurring in the history of the National Weather Service.ESRL (CIRES) 20th Century Reanalysis (Sub-Daily Composites): Despite the tragedy of the Palm Sunday Tornado Outbreak, it was a crucial building block and learning experience in the infancy of the ever-advancing tornado detection and watch/warning systems. The first blasted the Midway Trailer Park along Highway 33, leading to 14 deaths, while the latter rampaged through the Sunnyside and Kingston Heights subdivisions further to the north, becoming the deadliest single tornado of the outbreak with 36 perishing. The tornado forecasts were exceedingly well placed for the time, as nearly all of the major tornado reports in the Great Lakes region fell within the borders of at least one of them.
Despite the tragedy of the Palm Sunday Tornado Outbreak, it was a crucial building block and learning experience in the infancy of the ever-advancing tornado detection and watch/warning systems.
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